Crocheting and It's Origin
Crochet is a process of creating fabric from yarn or thread.The word is derived from the Middle French word croc or croche, meaning hook.
Origins Some theorize that crochet evolved from traditional practices in Arabia, South America, or China, but there is no decisive evidence of the craftbeing performed before its popularity in Europe during the 1800s. The earliestwritten reference to crochet refers to shepherd's knitting from The Memoirs ofa Highland Lady by Elizabeth Grant in 1812. The first published crochetpatterns appeared in the Dutch magazine Pnlop in 1824. Other indicators thatcrochet was new in the nineteenth century include the 1847 publication AWinter's Gift, which provides detailed instructions for performing crochetstitches in its instructions although it presumes that readers understand thebasics of other needlecrafts. Early references to the craft in Godey's Lady'sBook in 1846 and 1847 refer to crotchet before the spelling standardized from1848 onwward. Many find it likely that crochet was in fact used by earlycultures but that a bent forefinger was used in place of a fashioned hook;therefore, there were no artifacts left behind to attest to the practice. These writers point to the "simplicity" of the technique and claim that it"must" have been early.
Irish crochet lace, late 19th Century. The design of thisexample is closely based on Flemish needle lace of the 17th century.Otherwriters point out that woven, knit and knotted textiles survive from very earlyperiods, but that there are no surviving samples of crocheted fabric in anyethnological collection, or archeological source prior to 1800. These writerspoint to the tambour hooks used in tambour embroidery in France in the eighteenth century, and contend that the hooking of loops through fine fabric intambour work evolved into "crochet in the air."Most samples of early work claimed to be crochet turn out to actually besamples of nlebinding.
Beginning in the 1800s in Britain, America and France, crochet began to be used as a less costly substitute for other forms of lace.The price of manufactured cotton thread was dropping, and even though crochetedlaces took up more thread than woven bobbin laces, the crocheted laces werefaster to make and easier to teach.
During the Irish potato famine of 1846 to 1850, Ursulinenuns taught local women and children to thread crochet. It was shipped allacross Europe and America and purchased for its beauty and also for thecharitable help it provided for the Irish population.
Hooks ranged from primitive bent needles in a cork handle,used by poor Irish lace workers, to expensively crafted silver, brass, steel,ivory and bone hooks set into a variety of handles, some of which were betterdesigned to show off a lady's hands than they were to work with thread. By theearly 1840s, instructions for crochet were being published in England, particularly by Eleanor Riego de la Branchardiere and Frances Lambert. These earlypatterns called for cotton and linen thread for lace, and wool yarn forclothing, often in vivid color combinations.
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