Abstract
The nature constantly provides various resources for making textile materials for a variety of applications. While many textile fibers are available in the fibrous form in nature, raw materials can also be modified and formed into filaments, similar to the melt and solution spinning of other textile fibers. Basalt fiber, made from extremely fine fibers of basalt composed of minerals like plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine, resembles carbon fiber and fiberglass but offers better physicomechanical properties than fiberglass at a significantly lower cost than carbon fiber. It finds applications as a fireproof textile in the aerospace and automotive industries and can be used as a composite material for products like camera tripods. Basalt fiber provides an alternative to carbon and glass in the filament winding of compressed natural gas cylinders. Moreover, materials based on basalt are environmentally friendly and non-hazardous.
Keywords: Basalt continuous filaments; Magma; Composites; Melting; Crystallization
Introduction
Basalt originates from volcanic magma and flood volcanoes, a very hot fluid or semi-fluid material under the earth's crust that solidifies in the open air. The term "basalt" is commonly used for various volcanic rocks that are gray, dark in color, and formed from molten lava after solidification. Basalt rock beds with a thickness of up to 200 m have been found in East Asian countries.
The author is a third-year student (B.Text) at D.K.T.E.'s Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji.
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